Vocabulary 2

File Format - The form in which digital images are stores and recorded. e.g. JPEG, RAW, TIFF, etc.
Filter - Usually a piece of plastic or glass used to control how certain wavelengths of light are recorded. A filter absorbs selected wavelengths , preventing them from reaching the light sensitive medium. Also, software available in image processing computer programs can produce special filter effects.
Flare - Unwanted light streaks or rings that appear in the viewfinder, on the recorded image, or both. it is caused by extraneous light entering the camera during shooting. Diffuse flare is uniformly reflected light that can lower the contrast of the image. Zoom lenses are susceptible to flare because they are comprised of many elements. Filters can also increase flare. Use a lens hood can often reduce this undesirable effect.
Focus - An optimum sharpness or image clarity that occurs when a lens creates a sharp image by converging light rays to specific points at the local plane. The word also refers to the act of adjusting the lens of achieve optimal image sharpness.
f/Stop - The size of the aperture or diaphragm opening of a lens, also referred to as f/number or stop. The term stands for the ratio of the focal length (f) of the lens  to the width of its aperture opening (f/1.4 = wide opening f/22 narrow opening)  Each stop up (lower f/number) doubles the amount of light reaching the sensitized medium. Each stop down (higher f/number) halves the amount of light reaching the sensitized medium.
GB - Gigabyte, just over one billion bytes.
Hard Drive - A contained storage unit made up of magnetically sensitive disks.
Hot Shoe - An electronically connected flash mount on the camera body. It enables direct connection between the camera and an external flash, and synchronizes the shutter release with the firing of the flash.
Icon - A symbol used to represent a file, function, or program.
Image Editing Program - Software that allows for image alteration and enhancement.
Infinity - A term used to denote the theoretically most distant point of focus.
ISO - From ISOS (Greek or equal), a term for industry standards from the International Organization for Standardization. When an ISO number is applied to film, it indicates the relative light sensitivity of the recording medium. Digital sensors use film ISO equivalents, which are based on enhancing the data stream or boosting the signal.
JPEG - Joint Photographic Experts Group, a term for industry standards from the International Organization of Standardization. When an ISO number is applied to film, it indicates the relative light sensitivity of the recording medium. Digital sensors use film ISO equivalents, which are based on enhancing the data stream or boosting the signal.
KB - Kilobyte, just over one thousand bites.
LCD - Liquid Crystal Display, which is a flat screen with two clear polarizing sheets on either side of the liquid crystal solution. When activated by an electric current, the LCD causes the crystals to either pass through or block light in order to create a colored image display.
LED - Light Emitting Diode. It is a signal often employed as an indicator on cameras as well as on other electronic equipment.
Lens - A piece of optical glass on the front of a camera that has been precisely calibrated to allow focus.
Lens Shade - Lens Hood: Also called a lens shade. This is a short tube that can be attached to the front of a lens to reduce flare. It keeps undesirable light from reaching the front of the lends and also protects the front of the lens.